ALEKSEY BORISOVICH SUKHODOLOV was a citizen of Russia and a supervisory FSB officer residing in Moscow, Russia. SUKHODOLOV served as a unit chief in the FSB‘s Constitutional Protection Directorate. As set forth in more detail below, SUKHODOLOV directed and oversaw POPOV and IONOV‘s activities, with POPOV acting as IONOV‘s immediate handler. The arrangement was described, in part, in a series of communications from POPOV to IONOV on or about August 21, 2018: “Don’t do anything without me or [SUKHODOLOV] anymore….Because I am the only person responsible for working with you. [SUKHODOLOV] oversees and manages everything. … These are important internal formalities. Please do not violate them. This can have serious consequences.”